尼龙6改性研究

材料科学论文编号:CL037  论文字数:10865,页数:25

目  录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目录 III-IV
1. 概述 1
 1.1 尼龙的概况 1-2
 1.2 尼龙的改性技术 3-4
 1.3 改性尼龙的应用 5
2. 实验部分 6
 2.1 主要原料 6
 2.2 主要仪器设备 6
 2.3 性能测试 6
 2.4 改性尼龙的制备 7
 2.4.1 马来酸酐接枝POE和EPDM的制备 7
 2.4.2 尼龙6/接枝POE共混物的制备 7
 2.4.3 流变性能的测试 7
 2.4.4 玻璃纤维增强尼龙的工艺流程及工艺条件 7
 2.4.5 阻燃改性尼龙工艺 8
3. 结果与讨论 9
 3.1 熔融指数 9
 3.2 增韧剂对尼龙改性的影响 9
 3.2.1 马来酸酐的加入量对POE接枝率的影响 9
 3.2.2 接枝率的计算 10
 3.2.3 增韧剂对PA6性能的影响 11
 3.2.4 增韧剂加入量对PA6性能的影响 12
 3.2.5 POE-g-HMA对PA6/POE共混物流变性能的影响 13
 3.3 玻纤对尼龙改性的影响 13
 3.3.1 玻纤含量对尼龙力学性能的影响 14
 3.3.2 玻纤品种对复合材料性能的影响 15
 3.3.3 长玻纤增强PA6增韧改性 16
 3.4 阻燃改性对尼龙的影响 17
 3.4.1 阻燃种类及阻燃效果 17
 3.4.2 阻燃剂对尼龙力学性能的影响 17
 3.5 结论 18
4．总结与展望 19
致谢 20
参考文献 21

摘要: 尼龙6是工程塑料中开发最早的品种，是目前聚酰胺塑料中产量最大的品种之一。改性尼龙6因其优异的综合性能在各领域得到广泛应用。本文主要研究了尼龙6的改性技术。通过马来酸酐接枝弹性体，增加弹性体和尼龙6的相容性，使其冲击强度提高。用玻璃纤维增强尼龙6，使其拉伸强度和弯曲强度等性能指标成倍提高。研究了玻璃纤维品种和玻璃纤维含量对复合材料性能的影响，结果表明，采用高强玻璃纤维及玻纤含量为32.2%时，得到的增强尼龙料的力学性能优异。又对尼龙6进行了增韧改性，其冲击强度可大幅度提高。对尼龙6添加阻燃剂，可实现玻纤增强尼龙6复合材料的阻燃化。在实际应用中，可根据使用要求对尼龙6进行一项或多项改性，以低成本获得较好的综合性能。

关键词：尼龙6；改性技术；玻璃纤维；增韧剂；阻燃剂

Abstract: Nylon 6 is the early developed species of engineering plastics, its production is one of the largest in polyamide plastic. Modified nylon 6  has been widely used in various fields because of its excellent overall performance. This paper mainly studies the modification of nylon 6.  After maleic anhydride grafted elastomers, the compatibility between elastomers and nylon 6 are increased, so do their impct strength.  After glass fiber reinforced nylon 6 , the performance index such as tensile strength and bending strength has improved several times.  This paper also studies on the influence of the varieties and content of the glass fiber to the properties of composite materials.  The results show that when we use high-strength glass fiber whose content is 32.2% , the enhanced mechanical properties of nylon material are excellent.  In addition, we toughen and modify nylon 6 to enhance its impact strength deeply.  By adding flame retardant into nylon 6, can reinforce insulation of composite materials in which glass fiber adds.  In practical applications, we can modify one or more properties of nylon 6 according to the using request, at last ,we can obtain better performance at a lower price.

key words: Nylon 6; modification technology; glass fiber; toughening; flame retardants