智能型矿用磁力启动器（硬件部分）设计

论文编号:ZD1290  论文字数:30922,页数:56  附外文翻译

摘要

 磁力启动器是煤矿井下生产系统中的关键设备，本课题所研究的矿用磁力启动器智能监控系统，以微芯公司生产的PIC16F877A单片机为控制核心，对电机起动、停止进行智能化控制，同时对各种故障进行保护监控。本系统具有保护、控制、测量、显示、整定、通讯等功能，同时实现漏电闭锁、短路、过载、断相、欠压、过压等各种保护，并且采用液晶显示器对运行情况及故障情况进行显示，还设有故障查询系统和通讯系统。因此本装置可以大大提高故障检修率，生产效率，节省大量的人力物力等，也使煤矿井下的电气自动化水平得到较大提高。另外，本文也对妨碍系统正常运行的各种干扰信号及其抗干扰措施也进行了分析，研究。
 本文重点阐述了智能监控装置的设计思想，工作原理，硬件构成等，讨论了各种保护功能以及干扰信号的来源及其防治措施。
关键词：PIC16F877A单片机；智能监控系统；保护；干扰
  
ABSTRACT

 Magnetism switch is the key equipment in coal mining system，the coal mining magnetism switch intelligent monitor system studied in this paper takes the PIC16F877A micro-controller as its control core, intelligently controlling the motor starting and suspending ,at the same time protecting and monitoring all kinds of troubles. The system has many functions such as protection, control, measuring, display, setting, self-diagnosis and communication and so on, the device also has protective steps of leakage locking, short-circuit, overload, phase-failure, under-voltage, over-voltage and so on, and it also could display operation and fault complexion using liquid crystal display and it also could have the system for inquiring about fault and communication. So the device could largely improve the rate of trouble shooting, manufacture efficiency, and save lots of persons and materials and so on .it also largely improves the electrical automatization level in coal system. In addition, the paper also analyses and studies all kinds of interference signals preventing the system from regular operation.
 The paper concentrates on the intelligent monitor device’s design thoughts, operation principles ，hardware constitutions and so on, discusses all kinds of protection functions, the cause of interference signals and treatment measures.
 The key words: PIC16F877A micro-controller；Intelligent monitor system；Protection；Interference

目录

前言………………………………………………………………………………1
1 概述……………………………………………………………………………2
1.1 智能型矿用磁力启动器的发展和现状………………………………………2
1.2 课题的实用价值和理论意义…………………………………………………2
1.3 单片机的发展与应用…………………………………………………………3
1.4 本文完成的主要工作…………………………………………………………4
2 智能型矿用磁力启动器的总体设计…………………………………………5
2.1 CPU及芯片选择………………………………………………………………5
2.2 智能型矿用磁力启动器所要完成的功能及其技术指标  …………………8
2.3 智能型矿用磁力启动器的总体结构………………………………………10
2.4 本章小结……………………………………………………………………11
3 智能型矿用磁力启动器的硬件设计…………………………………………12
3.1 主控电路的总体设计说明…………………………………………………12
3.2 核心电路部分设计…………………………………………………………12
3.3 人机交互部分的设计………………………………………………………17
3.4 数据采集部分系统…………………………………………………………23
3.5 开关量输入输出扩展部分设计……………………………………………25
3.6 联控部分设计………………………………………………………………27
3.7 本章小结……………………………………………………………………28
4 保护功能的实现………………………………………………………………29
4.1 漏电保护检测原理与设计…………………………………………………29
4.2 电压保护部分………………………………………………………………33
4.3 过载保护设计………………………………………………………………35
4.4 断相保护设计………………………………………………………………38
4.5 本质安全型先导电路原理与设计…………………………………………42
4.6 本章小结……………………………………………………………………45
5 智能型矿用磁力启动器的抗干扰设计………………………………………46
5.1 概述…………………………………………………………………………46
5.2 干扰的来源…………………………………………………………………46
5.3 干扰对单片机系统的影响…………………………………………………47
5.4 抗干扰的硬件措施…………………………………………………………47
5.5 对CPU的抗干扰措施………………………………………………………50
5.6 印刷电路板的抗干扰………………………………………………………50
5.7 本章小结……………………………………………………………………51
6 技术经济分析…………………………………………………………………52
7 结论……………………………………………………………………………53
致谢………………………………………………………………………………54
参考文献…………………………………………………………………………55