聚丙烯酸盐增稠剂的合成

生物工程论文编号:SW185  论文字数:10534,页数:21

目   录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目录 III
1. 绪论   1
  1.1   前言 1
  1.2   文献综述 2
    1.2.1  分类 2
    1.2.2  性能 2
    1.2.3  国内外活性印花合成增稠剂的发展现状 .. 2
    1.2.4  合成技术 .. 3
    1.2.5  影响产品增稠性能的因素 4
2. 实验部分 6
  2.1  原料 6
  2.2  大单体的合成 6
    2.2.1 顺丁烯二酸酐和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚反应 6
  2.3  反相乳液聚合合成疏水性缔合型聚丙烯酸增稠剂 6
    2.3.1 不加大单体增稠剂的合成 6
    2.3.2加大单体增稠剂的合成 7
    2.3.3　浓缩  7
  2.4  产物性能测试 7
    2.4.1白浆的粘度和流变性能 7
    2.4.2 耐电解质性 7
3. 结果与讨论 8
  3.1 丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺合成增稠剂的影响因素   8
    3.1.1 丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺合成增稠剂的影响因素   8
    3.1.2 水相与油相质量比影响  8
    3.1.3 丙烯酸中和度的影响  9
  3.2 丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺和马来酸酐大单体合成增稠剂的影响因素 10
    3.2.1保温时间的影响 10
    3.2.2 乳化剂用量的影响 10
    3.2.3通N2保护所用时间的影响 11
  3.3 引发剂种类对反相乳液聚合的影响 12
4. 总结与展望 14
致谢  16
参考文献 17

摘要：合成增稠剂是目前国内外普遍使用的增稠剂，而其中由反相乳液合成的聚丙烯酸盐增稠剂在同类产品中具有明显优势。本文介绍了以丙烯酸、氢氧化纳、N，N一亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBAM)、TX-10等为原料制备聚丙烯酸盐增稠剂的工艺。研究了聚合反应时间、Span80用量、TX-10用量、MBAM用量等因素对聚丙烯酸盐增稠剂产品增稠性能和反应进程的影响。实验结果发现，通氮气时间太短会增加反应诱导期，甚至无法进行反应；反应时间超过一小时对产品的增稠性能没有明显影响；TX-10用量增加可以明显提高产品的增稠速度，提高产品使用性能，但对产品的增稠性能无明显作用；凝胶效应的产生和MBAM用量有关系，增加MBAM用量可以增加产品增稠性能。另外本实验测试了氧化还原引发体系聚合，发现聚合反应进行得比较缓和，诱导期也很短．升温速度比非氧化还原体系低，容易控制。实验发现不加大单体的增稠剂的耐电解质性比较差。
通过马来酸酐和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚合成大单体，引入到增稠剂分子中，可以使产品的耐电解质性得到明显地改善。
 

关键词： 聚丙烯酸盐；反相乳液聚合；氧化还原引发；增稠性能

Abstract:Synthetical thickener is very popular used all of the world at present. Polyacrylic acid thickener maded in inverse emulsion polymerization is much better than any other in this area. This paper introduces the craft of how to produce Polyacrylic acid thickener with polyacrylic acid、NaOH 、MBAM、TX-10 and so on. Also we researched relationship between thickening properties of polyacrylic acid、 chemistry course and time, amount of Span80、TX-10 、MBAM and so on. In this experiment we found, when we reduce the time of N2, the chemistry course would start later even the chemistry course couldn’t start. There was no effect on thickening properties of polyacrylic acid when the time of chemistry course runs over one hour. The speed of thickening of polyacrylic acid improved when we added the amount of TX-10, but it didn’t affect properties of polyacrylic apparently. The result of gel had something about with amount of MBAM. Increase the amount of MBAM could improve thickening properties of polyacrylic acid. Additionally, we tried another project with oxidation - reduction reaction. We found the reaction carry out mildly, and the time before start chemistry course is also short. And the temperature of course improves much slower than any other reactions, so it is easy to control. It is also found that the electrolyte sexual tolerance of the thickener is bad without adding the macromer into the thickener.
The electrolyte sexual tolerance of the thickener can be improved apparently by the introduction of macromer synthesized by maleic anhydride and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene.
Keywords：Polylacrylic acid;  Inverse emulsion polymerization; Oxidation - reduction reaction; Thickening properties