芸苔属蔬菜种子中异硫氰酸盐的提取与分析

生物工程论文编号:SW066  论文字数:9046,页数:24

目  录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目录 III
1. 绪论 1
1.1 异硫氰酸盐及其前体物质 1
1.2 异硫氰酸盐的抗癌机理 2
1.3 异硫氰酸盐的研究现状及本课题的研究意义 3
2. 实验部分 5
2.1 实验材料 5
2.2  异硫氰酸盐粗提取物的提取方法 6
2.3  分析方法 7
3. 结果与讨论 9
3.1 种子提取工艺的研究的结果 9
3.2 标准曲线图 10
3.3 种子水解液的GC-MS分析 10
4. 总结与展望 16
致谢 17
参考文献 18
附录 20

摘 要：十字花科植物中含有大量不同种类的异硫氰酸盐，目前已被证实其具有明显的抗癌作用。本实验对异硫氰酸盐的提取工艺进行了初步的研究。比较了各个工艺的提取率后发现工艺Ⅰ的异硫氰酸盐含量最高，因此在以后的提取中都采用该方法提取。先制得芸苔属植物种子水解液再用二氯甲烷从种子水解液中提取出硫代葡萄糖苷水解产物，经气相－质谱联用分析组分，分析出12种异硫氰酸盐和腈类化合物，主要有异硫氰酸烯丙酯、异硫氰酸3-丁烯酯、异硫氰酸苯乙酯、萝卜硫素、告伊春（goitrin）等，并且测定了他们的含量。萝卜硫素主要存在于西兰花中，苯乙酯存在于大头菜、花菜中，烯丙酯和3－丁烯酯在大多数种子中都存在。这些结果为制备富含萝卜硫素、PEITC等生物活性化合物的功能性食品打下基础。

关键词：异硫氰酸盐; 云苔属蔬菜; 种子; 高效液相色谱（HPLC）; 气相/质谱联用(GC-MS)
Extraction and analysis of isothiocyanates from brassica species

Abstract: Isothiocyanates, which are rich in Cruciferae family, have been shown to have anticarcinogenesis. In this paper, the extraction technique parameters of isothiocyanates were studied. The results showed that the extracting rate of techniqueⅠwas the highest, comparing with other technique, so the extraction technique Ⅰ was used in the afterwards experimentation. Glucosinolates autolysis products of seed meal were extracted from hydrolyzate of brassica species by methylene chloride method and then analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. More than 12 compounds were identified. The main compounds were allyl isothiocyanates, 3-BITC, PEITC, sulforaphane, goitrin, etc,and their content was mensurated. Sulforaphane was found mainly in broccoli, PEITC was found mainly in root mustard and cauliflower. Allyl isothiocyanate and 3-BITC were found in most species of Brassica L.

Keywords：isothiocyanates; brassica species; seeds; HPLC; GC-MS