碰撞理论在交通事故处理中的分析与应用

应用物理学论文编号:WLX069  字数:14430,页数:28

目   录
中文摘要.....................................................................1
英文摘要.....................................................................2
目录.........................................................................3
第一章    绪论...............................................................4
第二章    汽车碰撞过程的动力学分析............................................5
 §2.1    刚体碰撞...........................................5
 §2.2   塑性碰撞............................................................5
 §2.3   弹塑性碰撞..........................................................6
 第三章   汽车碰撞过程的运动学分析.............................................8
§3.1   单一车辆的速度推算..................................................8
 3.1.1  拖印分析法.......................................................8
 3.1.2   根据散落物确定汽车速度..........................................9
 §3.2   两车相撞的速度推算.................................................11
 3.2.1  一维车辆碰撞....................................................11
 3.2.2  二维车辆碰撞....................................................14
第四章    案例分析...........................................................16
 §4.1   事故分析的鉴定方法.................................................16
 4.1.1  事故的调查.......................................................16
 4.1.2  理论分析推导.....................................................17
 4.1.3  结论.............................................................18
 §4.2   正面碰撞实例车速鉴定...............................................18
 §4.3   追尾碰撞实例分析...................................................22
第五章   总结与展望..........................................................26
参考文献.....................................................................27
致谢.........................................................................28

摘     要
 近几年来，随着国民经济的发展，我国国民汽车持有量呈明显增长趋势, 从而也带来了道路交通事故的急剧上升。如何高效、公正、准确的处理交通事故，特别是车车碰撞事故，已成为一个急待解决的社会问题。因此，本文应用刚体碰撞理论对交通事故进行定量的分析，对碰撞过程中涉及的主要问题进行研究，并给出碰撞过程中遵从的相关物理计算规律，从力学、运动学等方面计算得出汽车碰撞前的运动状态，最后实际参与交警部门处理几起由碰撞导致的交通事故，并量化分析，计算出相关数据，结合交警给出的结论，验证本文研究的碰撞理论能在交通事故中得到应用。
 
关键词：汽车事故  碰撞理论  一维碰撞  车速鉴定

Abstract
 In recent years, with the development of national economic, China National Automotive holding a significant growth trend, which has also brought a sharp increase in road traffic accidents. How to deal with traffic accidents efficiently, fairly and accurately, especially when a truck crashes, it has become a pressing social problem. Therefore, this thesis, apply object collision theory to analysis the traffic accidents, research in the process of collision that the main issues involved, and give the process of collision calculating compliance with the relevant laws of physics, mechanics, and other aspects of kinematics calculated car Before the collision movement, and finally the actual participation of police departments in several traffic accidents caused by the collision and quantitative analysis, calculate the relevant data, with the police which given the conclusions of this study ，verify the collision theory in traffic accidents be applied.

Keywords: Traffic accident，Collision theory，Collinear collision，Identification of speed