L-肉碱的合成

制药工程论文编号:ZY045    论文字数:9202,页数:23

目 录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目录 III
1 绪论 1
 1.1  引言 1
 1.2  研究现状 2
2 实验部分 6
 2.1 仪器和试剂 6
     2.2 实验步骤 6
3 结果与讨论 8
 3.1  L-CHPTMA合成的结果与讨论  8
     3.2  氯化L-肉碱腈合成的结果与讨论 11
 3.3  L-肉碱合成的结果与讨论 14
4 总结与展望 17
致谢 18
参考文献 19

摘要：L-肉碱（L-Carnitine）又名维生素BT，化学名为L-β-羟基-γ-三甲铵丁酸（β-hydroxy-γ-（trimethylammonio）butyrobetaine）。制备L-肉碱的方法很多,本文以手性环氧氯丙烷为起始物,将其经过季铵化生成L-(-)-3-氯-2-羟基丙基三甲铵氯化物,采用正交法对反应条件进行优化,在pH=7,手性环氧氯丙烷与盐酸三甲胺摩尔比为0.95,42℃条件下反应5h收率为94.8%；将L-(-)-3-氯-2-羟基丙基三甲铵氯化物与30%的氰化钠经腈化反应而生成L-(-)-3-氰基-2-羟基丙基三甲铵氯化物,通过单因素实验对反应过程进行研究,在51℃下反应6h,收率为83.7%；产物经过水解反应后制得的L-肉碱盐,经离子交换法制得L-肉碱,收率为78.9%,总收率为62.6%。

关键词：L-肉碱；手性环氧氯丙烷；季铵化；腈化

Abstract: L-carnitine is also named vitamins BT, which chemical name is β-hydroxy-γ-（trimethylammonio）butyrobetaine．There are a lot of methods to synthesis L-carnitine, chiral epichlorohydrin taken as start material is discussed in this paper. L-(-)-3-chloride-2-oxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride is produced by reacting chiral epichlorohydrin with trimethylami-
ne hydrochloride. The best yield 94.8% is acquired at the conditions of chiral epichlorohydrin and trimethylamine hydrochloride with the mole rate of 0.95, react at 42℃ for 5 hours. L-(-)-3-cyano-2-oxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride is produced by reaction of L-(-)-3-chloride-2-oxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and sodium cyanide, the highest yield 83.7% is obtained at 51℃ for 6 hours by the one-factor experiment. Finally, L-(-)-3-chloride-2-oxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride is hydrolysis and then anion exchange to obtain L-carnitine with yield of 78.9%. The overall yield of this process is 62.6%.

Keywords: L-carnitine；Chiral epichlorohydrin；Quaternize；Cyaniding