自动售报机的设计

电子机电论文编号:JD573 附外文翻译,开题报告,任务书,原理图,论文字数:18629,页数:58

目   录

1  引言 ………………………………………………………………………………… 1
1.1  设计背景 ………………………………………………………………………… 1
1.2  自动售报机的发展状况 ………………………………………………………… 1
1.3  设计内容及要求  ……………………………………………………………… 2
2  总体设计方案 ……………………………………………………………………… 3
2.1  人民币的检测系统 ……………………………………………………………… 3
2.2  报纸的输出系统 ………………………………………………………………… 3
2.3  报纸的选择系统 ………………………………………………………………… 3
2.4  退币、找零系统 ………………………………………………………………… 4
2.5  售报机工作流程 ………………………………………………………………… 4
3  硬件设计 …………………………………………………………………………… 6
3.1  单片机 …………………………………………………………………………… 6
3.2  电阻应变传感器 ………………………………………………………………… 9
3.3  A/D转换 ………………………………………………………………………… 10
3.4  步进电机 ……………………………………………………………………… 12
3.5  显示电路 ……………………………………………………………………… 18
3.6  键盘设计 ……………………………………………………………………… 22
3.7  其它电路设计 ………………………………………………………………… 24
4  自动售报机系统的软件设计 …………………………………………………… 27
4.1  主程序设计 …………………………………………………………………… 27
4.2  中断子程序设计 ……………………………………………………………… 28
4.3  键盘扫描子程序设计 ………………………………………………………… 30
4.4  键盘子程序设计 ……………………………………………………………… 31
4.5  其它子程序设计 ……………………………………………………………… 36
结论 …………………………………………………………………………………… 39
致谢 …………………………………………………………………………………… 40
参考文献 ……………………………………………………………………………… 41
附录A  程序清单 …………………………………………………………………… 43
附录 B  电路图

摘 要
设计以自动售报机系统为研究对象。根据报纸出售的特点及报纸本身的特性，确定了自动售报控制系统总体方案，重点论述了以AVR ATmega单片机为中心的自动售报机的设计。详细介绍了自动售报机的软、硬件设计。
通过软件设计对自动售报机工作模式进行了优化和扩展, 并增强了其管理功能, 以使自动化销售过程更快捷、准确和有效。在硬件设计中几个主要系统是：人民币的检测系统（基于目前国内报纸零售的价格及售报机的制造成本等因素，只考虑对硬币面值的识别），报纸的输出系统（利用对步进电机的控制来控制报纸的输出），还有报纸选择系统和找零、退币系统。并采用独立的单片机对各系统进行有序的检测和控制。其特点是结构简单、成本低廉、易于操作。

关键词  自动售报机  AVR ATmega16  报纸输出系统  步进电机  找零系统

Title   The design of auto newspaper－selling machine              

Abstract
This design takes auto newspaper－selling machine system as the object of study. According to the characteristics of the sale of newspapers and the newspapers' own characteristics, the overall plan of the automatically selling newspaper control system is determined. The design takes the AVR ATmega16 SCM as the center of the automatically selling newspaper machine. The automatically selling newspaper machine’s software and hardware design are presented.
Through the design of the software, the design optimizes and expands the work model of automatically sold newspaper machine and enhances its management capabilities to enable automated sale process more efficient, accurate and effective. On the hardware design of several major systems are the Renminbi detection system (based on the current domestic retail prices and the newspaper reported sales of the manufacturing costs and other factors, consider only the recognition of the face value of coins), the newspaper's output system (using the stepper Motor control to control the output of newspapers), newspapers selection system, changing and retreating system. Adopt an independent SCM to test in an orderly manner and control various system. Its characteristics are simple, low-cost, and easy to operate.

Key Words  automatically selling newspaper machine  AVR ATmega16  the newspaper's output system   stepping motor  changing system