宾馆客房环境检测系统

电子机电论文编号:JD533 附开题报告,任务书,外文翻译,论文字数:21770,页数:53 

目    录

引言 1
1  绪论 2
1.1 本课题的研究意义 2
1.3 本课题的主要研究工作和各章内容安排 2
2  相关技术和基础理论介绍 4
2.1 传感器概述 4
2.2  RS—485总线 5
2.2.1简介 5
2.2.2 RS -485 方式构成的多机通信 6
2.3主要器件及应用 7
2.3.1温湿度传感器SHT11 7
2.3.3MAX485 11
2.3.4 AT89S52 12
3 系统的总体分析与器件的选择 
3.1  系统的整体框架 16
3.2温湿度传感器的选型 17
3.3 烟雾传感器选型 18
4  硬件电路设计 19
4. 1电源模块 19
4. 2  信号采集模块 19
4.2.1  带RS-485接口的采集模块 20
4.2.2   带RS-232串接口的采集模块 20
4.3 RS-485 接口模块 21
4.4 RS-232与RS-485串行接口转换模块 22
5  软件部分设计 23
5.1 下位机程序设计 23
5.1.1主程序 23
5.1.2温湿度计算子程序 24
5.2 上位机程序设计 26
6  电路布板，调试及故障分析 28
6.1．PCB设计一般步骤 28
6.2．PCB布线工艺要求 31
6.3 电路的调试及故障分析 31
6.4 试验结果及分析 33
7  总结 34
谢  辞 35
参考文献 36
附  录 37

摘  要

环境质量的好坏取决于很多因素，如温度、湿度、烟雾颗粒、二氧化碳浓度等等。对于宾馆来说其中最要的肯定是烟雾检测了，因为这直接关系到宾馆生存和客人的人身安全，这是本文系统的重要的一个内容，另外本文还介绍温湿度的实时监测。
本系统采用温湿度传感器SHT11和烟雾传感器MQ-N5来采集数据，SHT11是个数字传感器，内部高度集成，抗干扰性能，使采集的信号更准确，集成的I2C总线接口能是传感器可直接通过I2C总线与任何类型的微处理器、微控制器系统连接，十分简单实用。
整个系统在直流稳压5伏下工作，下位机由信号采集模块、烟雾报警模块、RS-232和RS-485转换模块，在设置RS-485总线的通信协议后，上位机可以随意和任意一个下位机进行实时通信。整个系统效果还是比较好的，反应也较快，测量结果比较准确的，有一定的实用性和应用前景。

关键词：传感器； RS-232与RS-485的转换电路；RS-485总线 ；

Abstract
The quality of the environment depends on many factors, such as temperature, humidity, smoke particles, carbon dioxide concentration, and so on. For hotels, smoke detection is sure the most important establishment among others. It is because that smoke detection is directly related to the safety of the hotel and the guests. This is the most important content of the system. In addititon ,  temperature and humidity monitoring have been introducted in the system.
  The system uses temperature and humidity sensor SHT11 and smoke sensor MQ-N5 to collect data. SHT11 is a digital sensor with highly integrated inner system and anti-jamming capacity, which makes the collected signal more precise. The integrated I2C bus interface is a sensor, which can directly connect with any type of microprocessor and microcontroller system, it is very simple and practical.
  The entire system works under DC Regulator of five voltages .The client computer consists of Signal acquisition module 、Smoke alarm module and RS-232 and RS-485 conversion module. After setting the Communication Protocol of RS-485 bus ,the master computer can cloose any of the client computers and make the communication with the right-time .The final effect of the entire system  is
relatively good, and has the faster response the measurement is also comparatively accurate, it still has a certain relevance and application prospects.

  Key Words: sensor; RS-232 and RS-485 conversion circuits; RS-485 bus