基于单片机的机械通风控制器设计

论文编号:JD551 附外文翻译,开题报告,实习报告,原理图,电子机电论文字数:19166,页数:52

目   录

1  引言 …………………………………………………………………………………1
1.1  课题背景及意义 ……………………………………………………………………1
1.2  系统总体设计 ………………………………………………………………………1
2  系统硬件设计 …………………………………………………………………… …3
2.1  检测电路 ………………………………………………………………………… …3
2.2  变送电路 …………………………………………………………………………… 8
2.3  单片机简介……………………………………………………………………………11
2.4  A/D转换器及外围电路 ……………………………………………………………13
2.5  显示及按键电路 ……………………………………………………………………16
2.6  抗干扰设计 …………………………………………………………………………20
2.7  驱动电路 …………………………………………………………………………  22
3  主电路 ………………………………………………………………………………28
3.1  风机选型 ……………………………………………………………………… … 28
3.2  交流接触器的选用 …………………………………………………………………30
4  软件设计 ……………………………………………………………………………33
4.1  按键子程序流程图 ……………………………………………………………… 34
4.2  动态显示子程序流程图 ……………………………………………………………36
4.3  采样子程序流程图 …………………………………………………… ………… 38
4.4  控制子程序流程图 ………………………………………………………………  39
结论 …………………………………………………………………………………… 40
致谢 …………………………………………………………………………………… 41
参考文献 …………………………………………………………………………………42
附录A  程序清单 ………………………………………………………………………44
附录B  硬件原理图 ……………………………………………………………………52

摘要
给出了一种利用单片机构成的经济实用型机械通风控制器的设计方案。通过低成本高可靠性的硬件设备及软件，实现了自动通风控制，达到了控制目标。对同类需求具有推广应用价值。选用铂电阻作为温度测量元件，以单片机为核心，设计出外围电路，给出了系统总体结构框图及软件流程图。系统可实现对温度信号的检测，通过多点采样，将多点采样到的温度值进行平均，即为现场实际温度。6位数码管动态显示温度现场值和设定上下限值。按键输入设定温度范围，并可停止风机工作。采集到的现场值与设定值进行比较，进而控制两台通风机的启停，对现场进行制冷或提高现场温度。

关键词  机械通风  铂电阻  温度测量  多点采样  通风机

Title     Design of Mechanical Ventilation Based on  

             Single-chip Microcomputer                  

Abstract
The text introduces the design scheme of an economical-patterned, SCM-based mechanical Ventilation controller which controls automatic venfilation of grain depot through low-cost, high reliability hardware and software. The controller has generalized and applied value for similar demand. The system selected the platinum resistance as temperature measurement device and designed the external circuit based on a single-chip microcomputer, gave the overall structure diagram and software’s flowchart. The system realized to detect the temperature signal by multi-point sampling and be on average, so it is the actual temperature of the scene. Six digital tube display the temperature on the scene and on the up and down threshold. Keystroke input the set temperature scope    and make the ventilator stop working. Compared the value of the scene with the set value to control the start and brake of the two ventilators, refrigeration the scene or raise the temperature.  

Key Words  mechanical ventilation    platinum resistance 
temperature measurement   multi-point sampling
ventilator