单片机大型建筑火灾监控系统

电子机电论文编号:JD199    字数:23213,页数:67       

目 录
第1章 绪 论 1
1.1 火灾报警控制系统发展历史 1
1.2 系统主要结构和功能 2
第2章 方案论证 4
2.1 火灾监控系统设计方案 4
2.2 火灾监控系统方案论证 4
第3章 系统硬件电路的设计 6
3.1 中央处理器——AT89C52 6
3.1.1 AT89C52功能简介 6
3.1.2 AT89C52最小系统设计 10
3.2 看门狗电路设计 11
3.3 下位机输入通道元器件选择 13
3.3.1 传感器选择 13
3.3.2 A/D转换器选择 15
3.3.3 下位机数据采集系统设计 17
3.4 上位机键盘/显示接口电路设计 18
3.4.1 8279电路工作原理 18
3.4.2 8279管脚、引线及功能 22
3.4.3 8279命令格式与命令 23
3.4.4 8279状态格式与状态字 28
3.4.5 8279与AT89S52接口设计 28
3.5 报警电路设计 32
3.6 电源电路设计 35
3.6.1 +5V直流稳压电路原理 35
3.6.2 +5V直流稳压电路参数设计 36
3.7 主从机通信设计 37
第4章 系统软件设计 39
4.1 主机程序流程图 39
4.2 从机软件结构 40
4.3 报警软件流程图 42
第5章 结论 44
参考文献 45
致 谢 46
附 录Ⅰ 外文翻译 47
附 录Ⅱ 原理图 54
附 录Ⅲ 程序 55

摘 要
大型建筑火灾监控系统主要应用于各种高层建筑及其它公共设施中，实现对这些场所早期的报警功能，达到预期的目的。
这种火灾报警系统是一个集信号检测、传输、处理和控制与一体的控制系统。该系统采用美国Analog Devices 公司研制、生产的智能型火灾报警控制器，使用专用串行总线和通信协议，将探测器所检测到的能充分反映现场火灾因素和非火灾因素的数据采集到火灾控制器，经过火灾控制器根据预期设计好的火灾模式、判断、实现对火灾早期的准确报警和对相应的现场消防设备的的联动控制。
为了适应不同规模的工程的应用，便于信息的远程传输和系统的安装、维护，该系统采用模块化结构，应用多种标准串行总线（如RS-485等）形成一个网络系统。在这个网络系统中，探测器完成对火灾信号的检测，然后数据传输到火灾控制器。同时，每个控制器可以通过RS-485总线将相应的报警信息传给位于不同楼层的下位机，从而形成一个完整的防火、早期灭火局域网。

关键词：火灾监控系统；火灾控制器；总线；局域网
Abstract
The large-scale construction fire supervisory system mainly applies in each kind of high-rise construction, and in other public utilities, realizes reports to the police the function to these place early time, achieves the anticipated goal.
This kind of fire alarm system is a collection signal examination, the transmission, processing and the control and a body control system. This system uses American Analog Devices Corporation to develop, the production intelligence fire reports to the police the controller, the use special-purpose serial main line and the communication protocol, examines the detector can reflect fully the scene pyric factor and the non-pyric factor data acquisition central controller, the fire pattern which anticipated designs after the fire controller basis and, the judgment, realizes reports to the police accurately to the fire early time with the paraphrase should scene fire fighting equipment linkage control.
In order to adapt the different scale project application, is advantageous for the information long-distance transmission and the system installment, and the maintenance, this system uses the modular structure, the application many kinds of standard serial main line (for example RS-485 and so on) forms a network system. In this network system, the detector completes to the fire signal examination, then data transmission to fire controller. At the same time, each controller might corresponding report to the police through the RS-485 main line the information to pass to is located the different floor the lower position machine. Thus forms a complete fire protection, the early fire fighting local area network.

Key words：Fire supervisory system；Fire controller；Main line；Local area network

摘 要
大型建筑火灾监控系统主要应用于各种高层建筑及其它公共设施中，实现对这些场所早期的报警功能，达到预期的目的。
这种火灾报警系统是一个集信号检测、传输、处理和控制与一体的控制系统。该系统采用美国Analog Devices 公司研制、生产的智能型火灾报警控制器，使用专用串行总线和通信协议，将探测器所检测到的能充分反映现场火灾因素和非火灾因素的数据采集到火灾控制器，经过火灾控制器根据预期设计好的火灾模式、判断、实现对火灾早期的准确报警和对相应的现场消防设备的的联动控制。
为了适应不同规模的工程的应用，便于信息的远程传输和系统的安装、维护，该系统采用模块化结构，应用多种标准串行总线（如RS-485等）形成一个网络系统。在这个网络系统中，探测器完成对火灾信号的检测，然后数据传输到火灾控制器。同时，每个控制器可以通过RS-485总线将相应的报警信息传给位于不同楼层的下位机，从而形成一个完整的防火、早期灭火局域网。

关键词：火灾监控系统；火灾控制器；总线；局域网
Abstract
The large-scale construction fire supervisory system mainly applies in each kind of high-rise construction, and in other public utilities, realizes reports to the police the function to these place early time, achieves the anticipated goal.
This kind of fire alarm system is a collection signal examination, the transmission, processing and the control and a body control system. This system uses American Analog Devices Corporation to develop, the production intelligence fire reports to the police the controller, the use special-purpose serial main line and the communication protocol, examines the detector can reflect fully the scene pyric factor and the non-pyric factor data acquisition central controller, the fire pattern which anticipated designs after the fire controller basis and, the judgment, realizes reports to the police accurately to the fire early time with the paraphrase should scene fire fighting equipment linkage control.
In order to adapt the different scale project application, is advantageous for the information long-distance transmission and the system installment, and the maintenance, this system uses the modular structure, the application many kinds of standard serial main line (for example RS-485 and so on) forms a network system. In this network system, the detector completes to the fire signal examination, then data transmission to fire controller. At the same time, each controller might corresponding report to the police through the RS-485 main line the information to pass to is located the different floor the lower position machine. Thus forms a complete fire protection, the early fire fighting local area network.

Key words：Fire supervisory system；Fire controller；Main line；Local area network