绿色技术标准壁垒与湖南省茶叶出口

国际贸易论文编号:GM239  论文字数:9104,页数:14

目   录

导言 ...................................................................2
1  湖南省茶叶生产与出口现状及问题...................................... 3
1.1 湖南省茶叶生产现状及问题 ...........................................3
1.2 湖南省茶叶出口现状及问题 ...........................................4
2  绿色技术标准壁垒对湖南省茶叶出口的影响 ..............................5
2.1 降低了湖南省出口企业的效益，减少了湖南省出口总值 ...................5
2.2 绿色技术标准壁垒减少了湖南省茶叶出口额 .............................5
2.3 绿色技术标准壁垒的需求引导效应减少了湖南省茶叶出口 .................6
3  湖南省茶叶受到绿色技术标准壁垒限制的原因 ............................6
3.1 进口国对健康安全的意识提高 .........................................6
3.2 WTO的环保规则使得绿色壁垒成为“合法”的贸易壁垒手段................ 6
3.3 茶叶出口企业的激烈市场竞争提高了进口国贸易保护速度 .................7
3.4 进口国的贸易保护目的 ...............................................7
3.5 中国缺乏制定茶叶卫生标准的权力，农残无法达到进口方标准............. 7
3.6 湖南省市场占有率低使之失去主动权 ...................................8
4  湖南省应对绿色技术标准壁垒的对策研究 ................................8
4.1 加强茶叶农残控制技术和检验、检疫技术的研究......................... 8
4.2 从生产的源头抓起，做到绿色生产 .....................................9
4.3 加强政府和行业协会等组织的作用..................................... 10
参考文献 ...............................................................13
致   谢 ................................................................14

摘    要

    随着关税等传统的贸易壁垒对现今国际贸易的影响逐步淡化，技术壁垒、绿色壁垒等对我国农业出口带来了严峻考验，使生产加工标准化程度还不高的中国农业承受着前所未有的考验。以湖南省茶叶出口为例，湖南省茶叶出口贸易在新的贸易壁垒下就产生了严重影响。茶叶是湖南省农产品出口的主导产品，农产品“主打项目”的茶叶出口举步维艰。因此，如何化解新的贸易壁垒对湖南省茶叶出口贸易的负面影响是目前亟待解决的重要问题。
本文从湖南省茶叶的生产和出口现状入手，分析绿色技术标准壁垒对湖南省茶叶出口的影响，指出湖南省为什么受到绿色技术标准壁垒限制的原因，并运用国际贸易理论，消费者心理学等，对如何规避此种贸易壁垒做出基本的分析。

【关键词】技术标准    贸易壁垒    茶叶

Abstract

Nowadays, the effect of the traditional trade obstacle, such as custom, is becoming less and less. One the contrary, technique obstacle, environmental obstacle is becoming a tough task in our exports. There are lots of tribulations to our agriculture, because of our lower criterion in producing and machining aspects. The tea from Hunan province is a good example to prove it. The tea was influenced dramatically when the export trade in a new trade obstacle. However, the export of tea is a main product in Hunan province. That will definitely affect the export of Hunan province. Hence, how to solve the problems which reduce the total export amount when the new police are coming out is ungentle.
According to the situation in tea products in Hunan province now, the article analyzes the effect of environmental obstacle to the tea products and points out the reasons why Hunan province is facing this restriction. Using theory of International trade and behavior of consumers, this article demonstrates how to avoid this kind of obstacle in International business.

【Key Words】Technical standard; Environmental obstacle; Tea