[机电一体化]数控系统设计

机械论文编号:JX641    论文字数:15178,页数:28  附:任务书，开题报告
目    录
1 绪    论                                         
 1.1 课题研究的背景.1
 1.1.1课题研究的意义1
 1.1.2数控技术的发展与现状..1
 1.2 国内外研究的现状.. .2
 1.2.1国内市场现状2
 1.2.2数控化改造在国外的应用现状.2
 1.2.3当前数控技术的基本情况.3
 1.3 本文的主要内容..4
 1.3.1课题研究的目的与基本思想..4
 1.3.2 课题研究的内容与基本特点.4
 1.3.3 课题研究的步骤.4
2系统方案设计                                         
 2.1 改造对象的概况6
 2.1.1 机械结构问题分析.6
 2.1.2 电气控制系统.6
 2.2改造方案设计7
 2.2.1 机械部分的处理方案7
 2.2.2电气控制系统的处理方案.8
 2.2.3电柜..8
 2.3 CNC装置的选型.8
 2.3.1 基本性能要求.8
 2.3.2 主流CNC装置性能比较与选型结论10
 2.4 驱动系统设计.14
 2.4.1 主轴驱动单元14
 2.4.2 进给驱动单元15
 2.5 配电柜..17
 2.5.1 电源单元.17
 2.5.2 电柜结构设计..17
 2.6 外设使用18
 2.6.1 手持单元18
3 系统连接与调试                                    
 3.1 各子系统调试18
 3.1.1 通电检查.18
 3.1.2 各系统接线检查19
 3.2 系统连接.19
 3.2.1 控制系统连接19
 3.2.2 控制系统与机床连接调试20
 3.3 试运行..20
 3.3.1 机械系统锁定时的试运行20
 3.3.2 全系统空载试运行..21
4 整机测试                                            
 4.1 整机性能测试标准.22 4.2 整机测试.22
 4.2.1 状态检查.22
 4.2.2 功能试验..23
 4.2.3 精度检验24
5 总 结 26
6 致 谢..27
7 参 考 文 献.28

摘    要
 本文阐述了一种对旧数控铣床进行改造的设计与工程实践的方法，该方法已经过实际应用的验证，可以用于类似情况下对数控铣床的改造实践。
 课题研究选择铣床改装领域中，旧数控铣床改装这一少有问津的题目；对象是针对一台数控系统基本报废的、机械系统尚处于可用状态的旧数控铣床；目的为将其改造成为一台功能比较完善，操作简单，使其精度、效率和自动化程度得到较大提升，更好的适应新工艺、新技术使用；并进而探索出一条旧数控铣床改造的新路，使具有较高剩余价值的老旧设备重新发挥作用，为开辟铣床改造市场作一点技术储备，争取获得良好的经济效益和社会效益。
 本文对改造的做法做了详细的说明。总体上不对机械系统作大的更改，只进行适当的调整、修复和维护，更换易损件；废弃原有的老旧数控系统，依据改造要求选择与购买新的主流数控系统取而代之；按照实际需要设置、调整、设计系统的应用软件，使之符合生产实际；按照国家标准和生产任务需求进行性能测试；通过试生产进行验收。
 研究过程中充分利用系统提供的技术手段，参考国内外的先进经验，考虑用户的实际情况，完成系统的选择与连接，进行参数设置，对用户程序进行设计、修改与开发，整机的调试与验收。文章中分层次对这些阶段的工作内容一一加以分析，在旧数控铣床改造这个新领域找到了一条新路。经过试运行的验证，这条路是切实可行的，能够给有相似问题的企业一些新的启发，也为市场提供一种新思路。
 
关键词：数控铣床  控制系统设计

Abstract
 This article elaborated one kind carries on the transformation to the old numerical control milling machine the design and the project practice method, this method passed through the practical application confirmation, may use in the similar situation to the numerical control milling machine transformation practice.
  The topic research choice milling machine re-equips in the domain, the old numerical control milling machine re-equips the topic which this asks about unusually; The object was aims at a numerical control system basic abandonment, the mechanical system still is at the available condition the old numerical control milling machine; The goal for transforms into it a function quite to be perfect, the operation is simple, causes its precision, the efficiency and the automaticity obtains promotes greatly, better adaptation new craft, new technical use; Advances together explores the new road which an old numerical control milling machine transforms, enable to have the high surplus value obsolete equipment to play the role, for opens the milling machine to transform the market to make a technological strength, strives for obtains the good economic efficiency and the social efficiency.
 This article has given detailed showing to the transformation procedure.As a whole does not make the big change to the mechanical system, only carries on the suitable adjustment, the repair and the maintenance, replacement vulnerable; Abandons the original obsolete numerical control system, chooses based on the modification requirement and purchases the new mainstream numerical control system to displace; According to the actual need establishment, the adjustment, the design system application software, causes it to conform to the production reality; Carries on the performance test according to the national standards and the production task demand; Carries on the approval through the trial production.
  In the research process fully the technical method which provides using the system, refers to the domestic and foreign advanced experiences, considered the user the actual situation, completes the system the choice and the connection, carries on the parameter establishment, carries on the design, the revision and the development to the user program, the complete machine debugging and the approval.In the article 11 analyzes in administrative levels to these stage work content, transformed this new domain in the old numerical control milling machine to find a new road.After tries the confirmation which moves, this road is practical and feasible, can give has similar question enterprise some new inspirations, also provides one kind of new mentality for the market. 
Key Words：Numerical control milling machine;  Control System Design ；