带式输送机液压张紧装置设计

机械论文编号:JX232 所有图纸,任务书.论文字数:41768.页数:91

目    录
1 概述 ....................................................................1
1.1 带式输送机张紧装置的主要作用 .............................................1
1.2　张紧装置的类型及发展现状 ................................................2
1.3张紧装置发展趋势.......................................................... 6
2 整体方案的设计 .............................................................7
2.1主要设计要求.............................................................. 7
2.2方案的选择................................................................ 7
2.3方案对比及确定 ............................................................9
2.4系统主要参数确定 ..........................................................12
3 液压缸设计..................................................................12
3.1 液压缸主要零部件结构、材料和技术要求 .....................................12
3.2密封圈、防尘圈的选用...................................................... 24
3.3液压缸的类型和安装形式 ....................................................24
3.4 耳轴的安装 ...............................................................25
3.5液压缸支架设计 ............................................................27
4 确定液压泵及配套电机 .......................................................28
4.1 液压泵的选用 .............................................................28
4.2电动机的选用.............................................................. 30
5 确定液压系统元件、辅件 .....................................................31
5．1液压系统中液压元件选取 ...................................................31
5.2 确定液压辅件 .............................................................35
6 液压油路板的结构 ...........................................................43
7 液压泵站设计............................................................... 46
7．1液压泵站分类及特点....................................................... 46
7．2油箱极其辅件 .............................................................48
7.3液压油箱的结构设计 ........................................................51
8 液压工作介质的选用 .........................................................59
8．1对液压工作介质的主要要求 .................................................59
8．2对液压工作介质的选用..................................................... 61
9 液压系统的安装、使用和维护................................................. 61
9.1 液压系统的安装、试压和调试 ...............................................61
9.2 试压................................................................. 67
9.3 调试.................................................................. 67
9.4 保养.................................................................. 68
9.5维护................................................................... 69
9.6液压系统常见故障诊断与排除 ................................................70
9.7本装置的安装与使用操作 ....................................................71
结论 .......................................................................73
参考文献................................................................... 74
附录 ......................................................................75
英文原文................................................................... 75
中文译文 ...................................................................82
致  谢................................................................ ... 91

摘   要

     张紧装置是带式输送机不可缺少的部分，是影响输送带动张力的主要部件之一，它直接关系到带式输送机的安全运行及使用寿命，对于大运量、长距离等大型带式输送机的正常运行而言尤为重要。
本带式输送机液压张紧装置的设计是在吸收国、内外输送机张紧技术的基础上，根据国内带式输送机的运行特点及要求研制的一种新型液压张紧装置。采用比例控制技术及可靠性较高的可编程控制技术，可以对张紧力进行多点控制，根据不同工作情况随时调节张紧力的大小。自动实现在胶带机在启动时提供较大张力（约为正常运行时张力的1.5倍），正常运行时较小张力。使胶带在工作过程中有科学合理的张力，即防止了胶带启动时打滑，又可使胶带机正常运行不在过紧状态。利用该装置可以延长胶带的寿命，大大节约输送机的运行成本。本设计中，利用滑轮机构增大了张紧行程，避免使用行程较长的液压缸，减少了制造液压缸的难度。液压系统中采用蓄能器，可以最大限度的吸收液压冲击，减小对负载变化对胶带的冲击，提高胶带的使用寿命。

关键词：带式输送机；液压张紧装置；自动控制;

Abstract

       The stretching device is the belt conveyer essential part, is affects the transportation to lead one of tensity major components, its direct relation belt type conveyer's safe operation and the service life, speaking of the great transportation amount, the long distance and so on large-scale belt conveyer's normal operation especially important.
This belt conveyer hydraulic pressure stretching device's design is in the absorption country, the inside and outside conveyers tighten in the technical foundation, according to domestic belt conveyer's movement characteristic and request development one kind of new hydraulic pressure stretching device. Uses the proportional control technology and the reliability high programmable control technology, may carry on the multi-spot control to the tensioning force, momentarily adjusts the tensioning force according to the different working condition the size. Realizes automatically in the adhesive tape machine when the start provides the big tensity (approximately for normal operation when tensity 1.5 times), when normal operation small tensity. Enables the adhesive tape to have the science reasonable tensity in the work process, namely prevented the adhesive tape started when to slip, might also cause the adhesive tape machine normal operation not at the tight condition. May lengthen adhesive tape's life using this equipment, saves conveyer's run cost greatly. In this design, increased using the pulley organization has tightened the traveling schedule, avoided using the traveling schedule long hydraulic cylinder, reduced has made hydraulic cylinder's difficulty. In the hydraulic system uses the accumulator, may the absorption line shock maximum limit, reduce to the variation of load to the adhesive tape the impact, enhances adhesive tape's service life.

Key words: Belt-type conveyer, full automatic hydraulic tension station , proportional control, programmable control