激光束特性的基本参量及其研究

应用物理学论文编号:WLX105  字数:16881,页数:33

目  录
中文摘要.....................................................................i
Abstract.....................................................................ii
第一章    绪论...............................................................1
     1.1  研究背景...........................................................1
     1.2  研究现状...........................................................1
     1.3  课题主要内容.......................................................2
第二章    激光器的分类和应用.................................................3
 2.1  激光器的分类........................................................3
 2.2  激光器的应用........................................................4
第三章    激光束特性.........................................................6
 3.1  激光束特性..........................................................6
 3.2  激光的模式..........................................................7
 3.3  激光束分类..........................................................7
第四章    高斯光束...........................................................10
 4.1  高斯光束表达式......................................................10
 4.2  高斯光束的基本性质..................................................11
        4.2.1 光束束宽定义...................................................11
        4.2.2 瑞利长度(共焦参数)..........................................13
        4.2.3 发散角.......................................................13
        4.2.4 因子.......................................................14
第五章    激光束的特性参量的测量原理.........................................15
 5.1  激光参数测量原理....................................................15
 5.2  激光参数的不同测量方法..............................................15
第六章    实验部分...........................................................19
 6.1  实验仪器简介........................................................19
 6.2  实验步骤 ...........................................................21
 6.3  实验数据处理........................................................22
 6.4  实验误差讨论分析....................................................26
总结.........................................................................27
致谢.........................................................................28
参考文献.....................................................................28

摘     要
 随着激光的发展，激光的应用已经遍及科技、军事、社会发展的各个领域。激光的各种参数是激光器性能好坏的一个评定标准。如何能够更加准确的测量激光参数是当前激光领域研究的一个热点。
 文中讲述了激光的分类和特性以及在当前各个领域的应用情况，根据空间对称性和相干性对激光束进行分类。研究高斯光束的传输和变换性质，以及高斯光束的特性参数，重点对光束质量的评价和测量进行了分析，用CCD测量了三个激光器的光束光强分布、激光光斑。建立了激光束判断与参数测量系统，阐释了激光束的测量原理，理论上分析了描述光束参数的物理量，对各种常用评价方案进行了比较，介绍了几种传统的激光光束质量评价方法，并指出了它们的不足。研究了光束衍射极限倍率因子作为光束质量评价标准的科学性和合理性，同时推导了光束参数的计算公式。介绍了实验仪器及实验步骤，最后采用三点法测量激光光束的各种参数。比较三个激光器的光束质量好坏。对系统误差产生的原因进行了分析。
关键词：激光器分类   激光应用   激光参数测量  高斯光束   CCD法  

Abstract
 With the development of laser the application of laser technology has been in various fields include the military, science and technology, and social development. The various parameters of laser are the eva luation criteria of good performance of laser. How to measure the laser parameters more accurately is currently a hot spot in laser field study.
     The issue talks about the classification and characteristics of the laser，and the fields of its application。Classify the laser beam ，according to the space symmetry and coherence. Study the transmission and transformation properties of Gaussian beam，and the characteristic parameters of it. Emphasis on analyzing the beam quality eva luation and measurement。Measure the light intensity distribution of three lasers。Use CCD to measure the laser spots. Establish the system of laser judgment and parameter measurement. Explain the measure principle of the laser beam. Analyze the beam parameters physical description of beam parameters on theory. Compare all kinds of common eva luation schemes. Introduce some traditional laser beam quality eva luation methods，and find out their deficiencies. Study the scientific and rationality by using the beam diffraction limit rate  as the standard of beam quality eva luation. Also deduce the calculation formula of the beam parameters. Introduce the experimental apparatus and experimental procedure in the end. Finally use the three-point method to measure the various parameters of laser beam，and analyze why the system errors causes.
Keywords: laser classification   laser application   laser parameter measurement   Gaussian beam   CCD method