Metaphors and Similes Used in Fortress Besieged and Translation
Abstract
Metaphors and similes are common figures of speech, which are also the most striking characteristics of the novel Fortress Besiege. How the translators, Jeanne Kelly and Nathan K. Mao, crack this nut of translation? This thesis intends to explore the differences in ways of thinking and culture between China and the West from the perspective of translation of figures of speech (metaphor and simile in particular). Focusing on some of the typical figures of speech in the novel, the thesis makes a comparison between the metaphor and simile in the original and their English version and finds that the translators keep almost all the features of the original novel through literal translation or foreignizaiton. Clearly they try to introduce Chinese culture to English-speaking readers. It is also found that, influenced by western culture, Qian Zhongshu uses lots of metaphors familiar to westerners in the novel. From the above analyses, the paper summarizes the translation criteria applied in the translated text and the ways of intercultural translation.
Key words: Fortress Besieged, metaphor and simile, foreignization
《围城》的隐喻和明喻及其英译
摘 要
比喻是一种普遍的现象，人们每时每刻都在使用比喻。我国著名学者钱钟书的小说《围城》中运用大量的修辞手法，构成其显著的艺术特征。珍妮凯利、茅国权在翻译的过程中是怎样处理这一难题呢？本文主要从修辞翻译的视角，探讨东西方思维模式与文化的差异在翻译中的体现。论文选取小说中的部分修辞手法，通过原文与译文的对照，发现珍妮凯利与茅国权在处理这些修辞手法时，基本保留了原文的特色，采用了直译手法或称异化手法(foreignization)，旨在向西方国家介绍中国文化，让英语国家的人民领略中华文化的博大精深。通过对照也发现由于钱钟书曾受西方文化的熏陶，小说中掺杂了许多西方人耳闻能详的比喻。论文最后总结出译文所遵循的翻译标准及跨文化翻译的方法和策略。
关键词：围城 比喻 异化手法 文化
CONTENTS
Abstract.................................................................................... I
摘要.................................................................................................. II
Chapter1 Introduction............................................................ 1
1.1 The Linguistic Feature of Fortress Besieged…………………. 1
1.2 Metaphor and Simile …………………………………............. 1
1.3 Culture and Metaphor Translation in Fortress Besieged............ 1
1.4Comments on the English Version of Fortress Besieged............ 5
Chapter2 Features of Metaphor in Fortress Besieged.......... 6
2.1 Influenced by French Culture and Philosophy .......................... 6
2.2 Exaggeration in Metaphor.......................................................... 8
2.3 Abnormality in Metaphor........................................................... 9
2.4 Satires......................................................................................... 11
Chapter3 Analyses of the Translation of Fortress Besieged 14
3.1 Communicative Translation and Semantic Translation………. 14
3.2 The Transference of Rhetorical Devices…………………….. 14
3.3 Understanding and Expressing………………………….......... 14
3.4Examples with Misinterpretation in Fortress Besieged……...... 15
Chapter4 Conclusion............................................................... 18
References................................................................................ 19
Acknowledgements.................................................................. 20
