说明:本格式参阅中山大学外国语学院英语专业论文写作格式要求,依据MLA、CMS 和《外语教学与研究》的格式,部分例子源于其他学术刊物。
References for this format: MLA, CMS, Foreign Language Teaching and Research and other journals.
I.注释End-notes and In-text Citations
英语专业学生学位论文的注采用尾注和夹注,不采用脚注。
End –notes (rather than foot-notes) and in-text citations are used in BA/MA degree theses.
1.尾注End-notes
在正文需注释处的右上方按顺序加注数码①②③……,在全文之后写注文,每条加对应数码,回行时与上一行注文对齐。
Use numbered End-notes at the end of the thesis to indicate the authority of stated opinions, facts, or exact quotations.
2.夹注 In-text Citations
某些引文和/或所依据的文献无需详细注释者,以夹注的形式随文在括弧内注明。
The citations are placed in parentheses ( ) within the text.
A.来自专著的直接引语,作者姓名在文中已经出现 Direct quotation from a book, author’s NAME IN TEXT
格式: 出版年份:页码
format: Year: page number (s)
Examples:
Hasan 认为主语“是从语篇的具体特征中分离出来的。它是语篇目的之所在。就特质而言,它近乎一种概括”(1989:97)。
Rees said, “As key aspects of learning are not stable, but changeable, this opens the way for the role of the teacher as the pre-eminent mediator in the process” (1986: 241).
B.来自专著的直接引语,作者姓名在文中没有出现Direct quotation from a book, author’s NAME NOT in text
格式:作者姓名,出版年份:页码
Format: Author’s last name, year: page number(s).
Examples:
“我们所懂得的只是实体存在的片段,可以肯定地说,一切具有重大意义的理论至多只能是部分地真实,但这不应作为放弃理论研究的借口”(Chomsky 1979: 48)。
“One reason perhaps is that the Chinese audience are more familiar with and receptive to Western culture than the average English readers is to Chinese culture” (Fung 1995: 71).
C.来自某篇文章的直接引语,作者姓名在文中已经出现Direct quotations from an article, author’s NAME IN TEXT
格式:发表年份
Format: Year
Examples:
王宗炎做过这样一个比喻,“语言学是一个百货商店,顾客们各取所需”(1993)。
Ernst Rose submits, “The highly spiritual view of the world presented in Siddartha exercised its appeal on West and East alike” (1974).
D.来自某篇文章的直接引语,作者姓名在文中没有出现Direct quotations from an article, author’s NAME NOT in text
格式:作者姓名(英文只注姓)、出版年份。
Format: Author’s last name, year.
Examples:
“Everything rests on the notion that there is such a thing as ‘just’ words—but there isn’t” (Bateson 1972).
“历史学家可能要在这里追溯语言的起源、发展和变化;哲学家可能想在这里研究认识论问题;心理学家可能为了探索人们如何说出话来,如何听懂别人的话;社会学家可能志在摸清社会组织、社会地位与语言有些什么关系”(王宗炎1993)。
E.来自专著的间接引语,作者的姓名在文中已经提到Indirect quotations from a book, author’s NAME IN TEXT
格式:出版年份:引文页码。
Format: Year: page number(s).
Examples:
Levinson (1983: 35) 认为,语用学的发展就是对Chomsky 把语言视为游离于语言使用、使用者及语言功能之外的抽象机制的反作用。
According to Alun Rees (1986: 234), the writers focus on the unique contribution that each individual learner brings to the learning situation.
F.来自专著的间接引语,作者的姓名在文中没有提到Indirect quotations from a book, author’s NAME NOT in text
格式:作者姓名,出版年份:引文页码。
Format: Author’s last name, year: page number(s).
Examples:
这个学派与美国结构主义语言学、乔姆斯基生成语法学派、布拉格学派、丹麦的哥本哈根学派等同为20世纪语言学界最为人瞩目的语言学派(见王宗炎1985:94)。
In may be true that in the appreciation of medieva l art the attitude of the observer is of primary importance (see Robertson 1985: 136).
注:如所述观点可直接从原文找到,用(见王宗炎黄子1985:94);如所述观点部分与原文有关,用(参见王宗炎1985:94)。
Note: If the stating theory can be directly found in the original text, declare the source by (see Robertson 1987: 136); if the stating theory can only partly be found in the original text, declare the source by (c.f. Robertson 1987: 136)
G.来自文章的间接引语,作者的姓名在文中没有提到Indirect quotations from an article, author’s NAME NOT in text
格式:作者姓名,出版年份。
Format: Author’s last name, year.