As an interface of the PC, USB has many excellent characteristics: connect conveniently, not need locate and install program, not need shut down and restart PC when plugged in; real plug and play; high speed (USB 1.1 protocol has 12Mb/s speed); not need hardware resource, no hardware conflict, auto test and configure. The process of the hardware circuit design, the firmware program and driver develop of the fingerprint recognition system is described in detail based on the USB 1.1 protocol in the paper.