社会保障制度作为“社会安全网”和“减震器”，是缓解社会矛盾、维护社会公平的一个重要手段。纵观世界各国，凡是和谐的社会都必然有一个比较完善的社保制度。社会保障是国家面向全体国民、依法实施的具有经济福利性的各项保障措施的统称，使用经济手段解决社会问题进而实现特定政治目标的重大制度安排，是维护社会公平、促进人民福祉和实现国民共享发展成果的基本制度保障。在中国，社会保障体系由社会救助、社会保险、社会福利三大系统及商业保险、慈善事业等补充保障构成。其中，社会救助是整个社会保障制度的基础性安排，旨在免除国民生存危机，保障国民的起码生活，避免困难群体陷入绝境；各项社会保险构成整个社会保障体系的主体，旨在解除劳动者的后顾之忧，增进劳动福利，同时促进劳动关系的和谐、稳定；而社会福利系统则是满足国民特定生活需求，并实现全体国民参与分享国家发展成果的基本途径。从德国1883年创建现代社会保险制度，到美国1935年通过社会保障法案，再到英国在20世纪40年代末创建福利国家，100多年来，可以发现这样一个有目共睹的现象，即凡是追求社会保障制度健全、完备的国家，都是能够获得持续、健康发展的国家。因此社会保障制度不仅是经济社会协调、持续发展的客观基础，而且是经济持续发展与社会和谐发展的必要条件。 关键词：社会保障制度 ； 和谐社会 ； 可持续发展 ； 健全 ； ABSTRACT The social security system as a "social safety net" and "shock absorber" is to alleviate social contradictions, and safeguarding social justice, an important means. Throughout the world, whenever a harmonious society is bound to a relatively sound social security system. Social security is the country for all citizens according to law, the implementation of economic welfare of the safeguards referred to, the use of economic means to solve social problems and thus to achieve specific political goals, a major institutional arrangements, is to maintain social justice, promote people's well-being and realization of share the fruits of development of national basic institutional guarantee. In China, The social security system consists of social assistance, social insurance, social welfare, the three systems and commercial insurance, philanthropy, and so constitute a supplementary protection. Among them, social assistance is the whole social security system is based on arrangements, designed to relieve the crisis of national survival, to protect citizens a decent living, to avoid the disadvantaged groups in dire straits; the various social insurance constitutes the main body of the whole social security system, designed to lift workers worries, increase labor welfare, while promoting harmonious labor relations, and stability; while social welfare system is to meet the specific needs of life for citizens and to achieve participation of all citizens share the country's development into a Fruit of the basic approach. From Germany in 1883 to create a modern social insurance system, the United States in 1935 through the Social Security Act, to the British in the 20th century, the late 40s to create a welfare state, more than 100 years, you can find such an obvious phenomenon, namely, those who pursue the social security system sound and complete state, are able to obtain sustained and healthy development of the country. Therefore, the social security system is not only economic and social coordination, the objective of sustainable development based and sustained economic development and social harmonious development of the necessary conditions. Keywords: social security systems ; a harmonious society ; sustainable development ; sound ;目 录 引 言 2 一 和谐社会的重要性与社会保障的含义 2 （一）、和谐社会的重要性 2 （二）、我国社会保障的概念 2 （三）、社会保障建立的原则 2 （四）、社会保障的分类 3 二 和谐社会与社会保障的发展 3 （一）、社保制度的产生和发展 3 （二）、社保制度是促进社会和谐发展的必由之路 3 （三）、完善的社保制度是构建和谐社会的稳定器 4 （四）、我国社会保障的未来发展 4 三 社会保障的功能 4 （一）、社会保障有利于建立良好稳定的社会秩序 4 （二）、保证劳动在生产力，促进社会经济的稳定发展 5 （三）、保证社会的公平 7 结 论 9 致 谢 10 参考文献 11
